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|alma_mater = | thesis_title = The physical chemistry of cell processes: a study of bacteriophage resistance in Escherichia coli, strain B | thesis_url = http://solo.bodleian.ox.ac.uk/OXVU1:oxfaleph020307634 | thesis_year = 1954 |doctoral_advisor = Cyril Hinshelwood |doctoral_students = |known_for = |influences =Fred Sanger |influenced = |prizes = |religion = |footnotes = |signature = |spouse= |children=3 | website = }} Sydney Brenner (born 13 January 1927) is a South African biologist and a 2002 Nobel prize in Physiology or Medicine laureate, shared with Bob Horvitz and John Sulston. Brenner made significant contributions to work on the genetic code, and other areas of molecular biology while working in the Medical Research Council (MRC) Laboratory of Molecular Biology in Cambridge, England. He established the roundworm ''Caenorhabditis elegans'' as a model organism for the investigation of developmental biology,〔 and founded the Molecular Sciences Institute in Berkeley, California, U.S..〔''The Science Times Book of the Brain'' 1998. Edited by Nicholas Wade. The Lyons Press〕〔Horace Freeland Judson ''The Eighth Day of Creation'' (1979), p. 10–11 Makers of the Revolution in Biology''; Penguin Books 1995, first published by Jonathan Cape, 1977; ISBN 0-14-017800-7.〕〔"Sydney Brenner: A Biography" by Errol Friedberg, pub. CSHL Press October 2010, ISBN 0-87969-947-7.〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Sydney Brenner publications )〕 ==Education and early life== Brenner was born in the town of Germiston, South Africa. His parents, Lena (Blacher) and Morris Brenner, were Jewish immigrants. His father, a cobbler, came to South Africa from Lithuania in 1910, and his mother from Riga, Latvia, in 1922.〔(【引用サイトリンク】 title=Sydney Brenner - Autobiography )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Brenner, Sydney (1927- ) World of Microbiology and Immunology )〕 He was educated at Germiston High School〔 〕 and the University of the Witwatersrand. Having completed the first three years of primary school in one year, it was noted then that he would be too young to qualify for the practice of medicine at the conclusion of his degree, and he was therefore allowed to complete a BSc degree in Anatomy and Physiology. He stayed on for two more years doing an Honours degree and then an MSc degree, supporting himself by working part-time as a laboratory technician. During this time he was taught by Joel Mandelstam, Raymond Dart and Robert Broom. His master thesis was in the field of cytogenetics. In 1951 he received the MBBCh degree.〔 Brenner received an 1851 Exhibition Scholarship from the Royal Commission for the Exhibition of 1851 which enabled him to complete a Doctor of Philosophy (DPhil) degree at the University of Oxford as a postgraduate student of Exeter College, Oxford supervised by Cyril Hinshelwood.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Sydney Brenner」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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